FOCUS

International classification

SECTION A HUMAN NECESSITIES

Subsection AGRICOLTURE
A 01 Agriculture; forestry; animal husbandry; hunting; trapping; fishing.
Subsection FOODSTUFFS; TOBACCO
A 21 Baking; edible doughs;
A 22 Butchering; meat treatment; processing poultry or fish;
A 23 Foods or foodstuffs; their treatment, not covered by other classes;
A 24 Tobacco; cigars; cigarettes; smokers' requisites.
Subsection PERSONAL OR DOMESTIC ARTICLES
A 41 Wearing apparel;
A 42 Headwear;
A 43 Footwear;
A 44 Haberdashery; jewellery;
A 45 Hand or travelling articles;
A 46 Brushware;
A 47 Furniture; domestic articles or appliances; coffee mills; spice mills; suction cleaners in general.
Subsection HEALTH; AMUSEMENT
A 61 Medical or veterinary science; hygiene;
A 62 Life-saving; fire-fighting;
A 63 Sports; games; amusements.

SECTION B PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING

Subsection SEPARATING; MIXING
B 01 Physical or chemical processes or apparatus in general;
B 02 Crushing, pulverising, or disintegrating; preparatory treatment of grain for milling;
B 03 Separation of solid materials using liquids or using pneumatic tables or jigs; magnetic or electrostatic separation of solid materials from solid materials or fluids; separation by high-voltage electric fields;
B 04 Centrifugal apparatus or machines for carrying-out physical or chemical processes;
B 05 Spraying or atomising in general; applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces, in general;
B 06 Generating or transmitting mechanical vibrations in general;
B 07 Separating solids from solids; sorting;
B 08 Cleaning;
B 09 Disposal of solid waste; reclamation of contaminated soil.
Subsection SHAPING
B 21 Mechanical metal-working without essentially removing material; punching metal;
B 22 Casting; powder metallurgy;
B 23 Machine tools; metal-working not otherwise provided for;
B 24 Grinding; polishing;
B 25 Hand tools; portable power-driven tools; handles for hand implements; workshop equipment; manipulators;
B 26 Hand cutting tools; cutting; severing;
B 27 Working or preserving wood or similar material; nailing or stapling machines in general;
B 28 Working cement, clay, or stone;
B 29 Working of plastics; working of substances in a plastic state in general;
B 30 Presses;
B 31 Making paper articles; working paper;
B 32 Layered products.
Subsection PRINTING
B 41 Printing; lining machines; typewriters; stamps;
B 42 Bookbinding; albums; files; special printed matter;
B 43 Writing or drawing implements; bureau accessories;
B 44 Decorative arts.
Subsection TRANSPORTING
B 60 Vehicles in general;
B 61 Railways;
B 62 Land vehicles for travelling otherwise than on rails;
B 63 Ships or other waterborne vessels; related equipment;
B 64 Aircraft; aviation; cosmonautics;
B 65 Conveying; packing; storing; handling thin or filamentary material;
B 66 Hoisting; lifting; hauling;
B 67 Opening or closing bottles, jars or similar containers; liquid handling;
B 68 Saddlery; upholstery.

SECTION C CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY

Subsection CHEMISTRY
C 01 Inorganic chemistry;
C 02 Treatment of water, waste water, sewage, or sludge;
C 03 Glass; mineral or slag wool;
C 04 Cements; concrete; artificial stone; ceramics; refractories;
C 05 Fertilisers; manufacture thereof;
C 06 Explosives; matches;
C 07 Organic chemistry;
C 08 Organic macromolecular compounds; their preparations or chemical working-up; compositions based thereon;
C 09 Dyes; paints; polishes; natural resins; adhesives; miscellaneous compositions; miscellaneous applications of materials;
C 10 Petroleum, gas or coke industries; technical gases containing carbon monoxide; fuels; lubricants; peat;
C 11 Animal or vegetable oils, fats, fatty substances or waxes; fatty acids therefrom; detergents; candles;
C 12 Biochemistry; beer; spirits; wine; vinegar; microbiology; enzymology; mutation or genetic engineering;
C 13 Sugar industry;
C 14 Skins; hides; pelts; leather.
Subsection METALLURGY
C 21 Metallurgy of iron;
C 22 Metallurgy; ferrous or non-ferrous alloys; treatment of alloys or non-ferrous metals;
C 23 Coating metallic material; coating material with metallic material; chemical surface treatment; diffusion treatment of metallic material; coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering, by ion implantation or by chemical vapour deposition, in general; inhibiting corrosion of metallic material or incrustation in general;
C 25 Electrolytic or electrophoretic processes; apparatus therefor;
C 30 Crystal growth.

SECTION D TEXTILES; PAPER

Subsection TEXTILES OR FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
D 01 Natural or artificial threads or fibres; spinning;
D 02 Yarns; mechanical finishing of yarns or ropes; warping or beaming;
D 03 Weaving;
D 04 Braiding; lace-making; knitting; trimmings; non-woven fabrics;
D 05 Sewing; embroidering; tufting;
D 06 Treatment of textiles or the like; laundering; flexible materials not otherwise provided for;
D 07 Ropes; cables other than electric.
Subsection PAPER
D 21 Paper-making; production of cellulose.

SECTION E FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS

Subsection BUILDING
E 01 Construction of roads, railways, or bridges;
E 02 Hydraulic engineering; foundations; soil-shifting;
E 03 Water supply; sewerage;
E 04 Building;
E 05 Locks; Keys; Window or door fittings; safes;
E 06 Doors, windows, shutters, or roller blinds, in general; ladders.
Subsection EARTH DRILLING; MINING
E 21 Earth drilling; mining.

SECTION F MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING

Subsection MOTORI O POMPE
F 01 Machines or engines in general; engine plants in general; steam engines;
F 02 Combustion engines; hot-gas or combustion-product engine plants;
F 03 Machines or engines for liquids; wind, spring, weight, or miscellaneous motors; producing mechanical power or a reactive propulsive thrust, not otherwise provided for;
F 04 Positive-displacement machines for liquids; pumps for liquids or elastic fluids.
Subsection ENGINEERING IN GENERAL
F 15 Fluid-pressure actuators; hydraulics or pneumatics in general;
F 16 Engineering elements or units; general measures for producing and maintaining effective functioning of machines or installations; thermal insulation in general;
F 17 Storing or distributing gases or liquids.
Subsection LIGHTING; HEATING
F 21 Lighting;
F 22 Steam generation;
F 23 Combustion apparatus; combustion processes;
F 24 Heating; ranges; ventilating;
F 25 Refrigeration or cooling; combined heating and refrigeration system; heat pumps systems; manufacture or storage of ice; liquefaction or solidification of gases;
F 26 Drying;
F 27 Furnaces; kilns; ovens; retorts;
F 28 Heat exchange in general.
Subsection WEAPONS; BLASTING
F 41 Weapons;
F 42 Ammunition; Blasting.

SECTION G PHYSICS

Subsection INSTRUMENTS
G 01 Measuring; testing;
G 02 Optics;
G 03 Photography; cinematography; analogous techniques using waves other than optical waves; electrography; holography;
G 04 Horology
G 05 Controlling; regulating;
G 06 Computing; calculating; counting;
G 07 Checking-devices;
G 08 Signalling
G 09 Educating; cryptography; display; advertising; seals;
G 10 Musical instruments; acoustics;
G 11 Information storage;
G 12 Instrument details.
Subsection NUCLEONICS
G 21 Nuclear physics; nuclear engineering.

SECTION H ELECTRICITY

H 01 Basic electric elements;
H 02 Generation, conversion, or distribution of electric power;
H 03 Basic electronic circuitry;
H 04 Electric communication technique;
H 05 Electric techniques not otherwise provided for.
IP APPS

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